In Vitro Cytotoxicity of a New Nano Root Canal Sealer on Human Gingival Fibroblasts.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of a new nano zinc-oxide eugenol (NZOE) sealer on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) compared with Pulpdent (micro-sized ZOE sealer) and AH-26 (resin-based sealer). METHODS AND MATERIALS: The Pulpdent, AH-26, and NZOE sealers were prepared and exposed to cell culture media immediately after setting, and 24 h and one week after setting. Then, the primary cultured HGFs were incubated for 24 h with different dilutions (1:1 to 1:32) of each sealer extract. Cell viability was evaluated by methyl thiazolyl diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results were compared using two-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's post hoc test. The level of significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS: All sealer extracts, up to 32 times dilutions, showed cytotoxicity when exposed to HGF immediately after setting. The extracts obtained 24 h or one week after setting showed lower cytotoxicity than extracts obtained immediately after setting. At all setting times, NZOE showed lower cytotoxicity than Pulpdent and AH-26. While one-week extracts of NZOE had no significant effect on the viability of HGF at dilutions 1:4 to 1:32, both Pulpdent and AH-26 decreased the cell viability at dilutions of 1:4 and 1:8. CONCLUSION: NZOE exhibited lower cytotoxicity compared to Pulpdent and AH-26 on HGF and has the potential to be considered as a new root canal filling material.

Cutaneous Sinus Tract from Mandibular Second Molar with C-shaped Canal System and Improper Former Root Canal Treatment: A Case Report.

Here, we report the diagnosis and treatment of an extraoral cutaneous sinus tract originating in a mandibular second molar with a C-shaped root canal system. The patient was referred to our department by a dermatologist after a series of unsuccessful treatments, including antibiotics. Diffuse radiolucency on a preoperative radiograph revealed that earlier root canal treatment had been only partially successful. Consequently, we performed retreatment of the root canal comprising removal of the former restoration and gutta-percha, cleaning and shaping, and passive irrigation with sodium hypochlorite. The patient responded well, and the cutaneous lesion completely resolved uneventfully within 1 month postoperatively. Preoperative recognition and thorough knowledge of the root canal anatomy and conventional methods of obturation are necessary in performing successful endodontic treatment.

Evaluation of relationship between oral health-related quality of life and occlusion traits among female adolescents.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of malocclusions on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL) among female adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an observational cross-sectional descriptive study. A total of 129 female students with age ranges between 14 and 17 years old were randomly selected from Mashhad (Iran) high schools and were asked to fill out an OHRQOL questionnaire included in four parts: Oral symptoms, functional limitations, emotional well-being and social well-being. Each participant was clinically examined to assess her malocclusion according to the index of complexity, outcome and need (ICON) and finally the data were entered to SPSS 11.5 and the relation between these two variables was assessed with Pearson correlation test. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: There was statistically significant correlation between ICON scores and quality of life (P = 0.0176). Being separately assessed, among four parts of the questionnaire, only emotional well-being was significantly correlated with the ICON score (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Malocclusions play a vital role in OHRQOL. However, in female adolescents among four parts of OHRQOL, emotional well-being had significant relationship with malocclusions.

Effect of platelet-rich fibrin on frequency of alveolar osteitis following mandibular third molar surgery: a double-blinded randomized clinical trial.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in preventing the development of alveolar osteitis (AO). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a double-blinded study, patients with bilateral impacted mandibular third molars underwent surgical extractions, with one socket receiving PRF and the other one serving as a control. The surgeon and patient were unaware of the study or control side. The predictor variable was the PRF application and was categorized as PRF and non-PRF. The outcome variable was the development of AO during the first postoperative week. Other study variables included age, gender, smoking status, irrigation volume, extraction difficulty, surgeon experience, and number of anesthetic cartridges. Data were analyzed using χ(2) and t tests, with the significance level set at a P value less than .05. RESULTS: Seventy-eight patients (mean age, 25 yr) underwent 156 impacted third molar surgeries. The overall frequency of AO was 14.74% for all surgeries. The frequency of AO in the PRF group was significantly lower than in the non-PRF group (odds ratio = 0.44; P < .05). CONCLUSION: Based on the results of the present study, PRF application may decrease the risk of AO development after mandibular third molar surgery.